A part of speech is any single word in a sentence. [বাক্যে ব্যবহৃত যেকোনো শব্দই হল পদ (parts of speech)]
The parts of speech can be divided into eight parts:-(Parts of speech কে আট à¦াগে বিà¦à¦•্ত করা যায়।) যথা:
- Noun,
- Pronoun,
- Adjective,
- Verb,
- Adverb,
- Preposition,
- Conjunction,
- Interjection.
What is an adverb?
An adverb is a word which usually qualifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a clause or a sentence except a noun or a pronoun.
Examples of adverb when it qualifies –
A verb:
She talks gently. (Here it qualifies the verb talks.)
An adverb:
He draws very beautifully. (Here it qualifies the adverb beautifully.)
An adjective:
They are very skilful players. (Here it qualifies the adjective skilful.)
A clause:
He tried hard, but unfortunately he could not survive in the field. ((Here it qualifies the clause he could not survive in the field.)
A sentence:
Undoubtedly, he is going to bag the gold medal. (Here it qualifies the whole sentence.)Types of Adverb —
Adverbs of manner:
Badly, ill, soundly, highly, briefly, wisely, slowly, rapidly, how, aloud, well, so, thus, immediately etc.
They are used either before or after the transitive verbs, but can be used only after the intransitive verbs.
Ex:
They came out quickly.
He briefly explained the story.
He explained the story to us briefly.
Adverbs of time:
Today, yesterday, tomorrow, now, then, ago, when, before, ever, never, while, once, twice, thrice, sometime, soon, already etc.
Ex:
The great man has died last year.
I am going to see her tomorrow.
Adverbs of frequency:
These are of two types –
Indefinite frequency –
Frequently, usually, normally, always, once, seldom etc. are usually used before the main verb.
Ex:
Those children frequently visit the zoo.
I seldom meet my friends.
Definite frequency –
Hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly. These are generally used at the end of a sentence.
Ex:
They receive scholarship yearly.
She practices handwriting daily.
They receive scholarship yearly.
She practices handwriting daily.
Adverbs of place:
Here, there, where, everywhere, after, near, away, above, below, upward, backward.
Ex-
The teacher told us to see above/bellow.
They lived here.
Ex-
The teacher told us to see above/bellow.
They lived here.
Adverbs of quantity:
Enough, much, less, too, half, little etc.
Ex-
You have slept enough.
I talk little about my personal life.
Ex-
You have slept enough.
I talk little about my personal life.
Adverbs of degree:
Very, almost, fully, enough etc.
Of affirmation or negation:
Yes, no, not, certainly, undoubtedly, perhaps, really, possibly etc.
Ex-
She is a very good dancer.
The project is almost complete.
Ex-
She is a very good dancer.
The project is almost complete.
Adverbial phrases:
Two or more words combines an adverb – Heart and soul, bag and baggage, now and then, up and down, in a minute, every day, by and by, in time, in no time, in short, in vain, by no means, off and on etc.
Ex-
I was with the team heart and soul.
Come with your bag and baggage.
As we went along the road and beautiful flowers now and then appeared.
He walks up and down the room.
I am coming in a minute.
She will tell me by and by.
I shall be there in time.
He starts running in no time.
Tell us about the incident in short.
I convince him in vain
Abhishek is, by no means, a cheater.
I meet my parents off and on.
Ex-
- Heart and soul
I was with the team heart and soul.
- Bag and baggage
Come with your bag and baggage.
- now and then
As we went along the road and beautiful flowers now and then appeared.
- up and down
He walks up and down the room.
- In a minute
I am coming in a minute.
- by and by
She will tell me by and by.
- In time
I shall be there in time.
- In no time
He starts running in no time.
- In short
Tell us about the incident in short.
- In vain
I convince him in vain
- By no means
Abhishek is, by no means, a cheater.
- Off and on
I meet my parents off and on.Use of Certain words as adverbs :
Enough:
Enough is both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective it is placed before a noun and as an adverb it is always placed after the adjective.
I have enough courage to face them. (Adjective)
He is tall enough to be selected. (Adverb)
You are intelligent enough to handle the situation. (Adverb)
I have enough courage to face them. (Adjective)
He is tall enough to be selected. (Adverb)
You are intelligent enough to handle the situation. (Adverb)
The:
‘The’ is used as relative adverb of quantity followed by an antecedent ‘the’ which is a demonstrative adverb of quantity.
Ex:-
The more you work hard, the more you can succeed.
The sooner the better.
Ex:-
The more you work hard, the more you can succeed.
The sooner the better.
There:
There is often used as an adverb.
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