Add s, es, ies to a Verb to Make it Singular

When we make a sentence of present indefinite tense, we have to add a 's' sound to the end of the verb if the subject is a singular third person
  • I read.
  • We read.
  • You read.
  • They read.
  • He reads.
  • She reads.
  • John reads.
  • Paul reads.


The /s/ sound is formed either with an '-s''-es' or '-ies'.  There are certain rules to put that /s/ sound there.
Let's see the s, es, ies rules -


Rules to Add -s, -es, -ies




Rule -1 : 

Add  '-s' :

Generally we use only an '-s' at the end of a verb.
 e.g. -
        Eat > eats.
        Read > reads.
        Swim > swims.
        Set > sets.
        Sleep > sleeps.
        Cut > cuts.
        Run > runs.
        Take > takes.
        Put > puts.
        Talk > talks.

Use-


I swim. > The girl swims.
We take. > She takes.
I run. > He runs.
They cut. > Rakesh cuts.



Rule 2 : 

Add '-es':

If  the verb ends with o, s, x, z, sh, ch, add '-es'.
E.g.-

Do > does,
Go > goes.
Pass > passes, 
Toss > tosses,
Mess > messes,
Bless > blesses,
Mix > mixes,
Fix > fixes,
Relax > relaxes,
Buzz > buzzes,
Fizz > fizzes,
Blitz > blitzes,
wash > washes,
Push > pushes,
Smash > smashes,
Catch > catches,
Teach > teaches,

Use-

I mix. She mixes.
I do. The man does.
We samsh. He smashes.



Rule- 3 : 

Replace -y with -ies.

 If a verb ends with -y, then replace -y with -ies.

E.g.-
  • Cry > cries.
  • Marry > marries.
  • Carry > carries.

Use- 

You carry. She carries.
You marry. She marries.
I cry. The child cries.


Exception:-
  If a verb ends with a '-y', but there is a vowel right before that, then we have to add an ‘-s’ simply without changing anything.

E.g.-
  • Lay > lays.
  • Pay > pays.
  • Say > says.
  • Play > plays.

Use- 

I pay. He pays.
We say. Rohan says.
We play. The boy plays.


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